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| Introduction to the Performance of Antistatic Agents |
| Hits：1983 AddTime：2024/8/6 10:45:52 |
| Antistatic agent is a chemical substance added to materials to reduce or eliminate the accumulation of static electricity. For anti-static agents, there are usually the following requirements: **1、 Antistatic performance** 1. Efficiently reduce surface resistance -Antistatic agents should be able to significantly reduce the surface resistance of materials, achieving the required range of anti-static properties. For example, for the plastic casing of some electronic products, the surface resistance should usually be reduced to below 10 ΩΩ to prevent static electricity accumulation from causing damage to electronic components. -Different application fields and materials require different levels of anti-static agents to reduce surface resistance. In some fields with extremely strict requirements for electrostatic control, such as materials in flammable and explosive environments or high-precision electronic devices, surface resistance may need to be reduced to a lower level. 2. Quickly dissipate static electricity -When static electricity is generated on the surface of the material, anti-static agents should be able to quickly dissipate the static electricity and avoid its accumulation. This is crucial for reducing the risk of electrostatic discharge. For example, in the petrochemical industry, quickly dissipating static electricity can prevent fire or explosion accidents caused by electrostatic discharge. -The dissipation speed of anti-static agents is usually measured by the static decay time. Generally speaking, the shorter the static decay time, the better the performance of anti-static agents. In some high-speed production or electrostatic sensitive processes, anti-static agents need to have extremely short electrostatic decay times. **2、 Compatibility with materials** 1. Physical compatibility -Antistatic agents should be evenly dispersed in the material without any layering, precipitation, or settling phenomena. For example, in the process of plastic processing, anti-static agents need to be thoroughly mixed with plastic resins to maintain a stable dispersed state in the molded plastic products. -The physical compatibility requirements of anti-static agents may vary for different material systems, such as polymers, coatings, fibers, etc. For example, in fiber materials, anti-static agents need to be evenly distributed on the surface or inside of the fibers during spinning or post finishing processes. 2. Chemical compatibility -Antistatic agents should not undergo chemical reactions with materials and should not affect the chemical structure and properties of the materials. For example, in some polymer materials, anti-static agents cannot trigger chemical reactions such as degradation, cross-linking, or discoloration of the material. -In certain special materials, such as high-temperature plastics or chemically resistant materials, anti-static agents need to have chemical stability that is compatible with the material, and maintain good anti-static performance and compatibility with the material under specific environmental conditions. **3、 Durability** 1. Washability resistance -For materials such as textiles and leather, anti-static agents should have good washing resistance. After multiple water washes, the material can still maintain its anti-static effect. For example, after a certain number of standard water washing tests, the surface resistance of the fabric can still meet the requirements of anti-static. -The washing resistance of anti-static agents depends on their bonding method with materials and their own chemical structure. Some anti-static agents that are combined with materials through chemical bonding or cross-linking usually have good washing resistance. 2. Friction resistance -On surfaces of materials that are frequently subjected to friction, such as plastic flooring and rubber products, anti-static agents should be able to withstand the test of friction and maintain their anti-static performance. For example, during the use of plastic flooring, the anti-static performance of its surface should not significantly decrease after long-term human movement and object friction. -The friction resistance of anti-static agents can be tested and evaluated by simulating the friction conditions in actual use. Improving the adhesion and stability of anti-static agents on material surfaces is the key to enhancing their friction resistance. 3. Weather resistance -For materials used outdoors, such as plastic building materials, outdoor coatings, etc., anti-static agents should have good weather resistance and be able to maintain the anti-static performance of the material under long-term environmental factors such as sunlight exposure, temperature changes, and humidity changes. -Weather resistance testing usually includes ultraviolet irradiation test, high and low temperature cycling test, wet heat aging test, etc. Antistatic agents need to maintain the stability of their chemical structure and the effectiveness of their anti-static function under these harsh environmental conditions. **4、 Stability** 1. Thermal stability -During the processing and use of materials, different temperature conditions may be experienced. Antistatic agents should have good thermal stability, not decompose or evaporate within a certain temperature range, and maintain their anti-static properties. For example, in the injection molding process of plastics, the temperature is usually high, and anti-static agents need to remain stable under such high temperature conditions. -For materials that need to be used in high-temperature environments, such as automotive interior parts, electronic components, etc., the thermal stability requirements for anti-static agents are more stringent. The thermal stability of antistatic agents can be evaluated through testing methods such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 2. Chemical stability -Antistatic agents should remain stable in different chemical environments and not react with other chemicals such as acids, bases, oxidants, reducing agents, etc. For example, in some chemical industry environments, materials may come into contact with various corrosive chemicals, and anti-static agents need to maintain their performance in such environments. -In the development and screening process of anti-static agents, chemical stability testing is required to evaluate their stability and changes in anti-static performance in different chemical media. **5、 Security** 1. Harmless to the human body -For materials that come into direct contact with the human body, such as textiles, plastic daily necessities, etc., anti-static agents should be non-toxic, non irritating, non allergenic, and harmless to human health. For example, anti-static agents used in close fitting clothing must comply with relevant textile safety standards. -The safety of anti-static agents on the human body can be evaluated through methods such as biological toxicity testing and skin irritation testing. When choosing anti-static agents, priority should be given to products that meet environmental and health requirements. 2. Environmentally friendly -Antistatic agents should meet environmental requirements and have no or minimal pollution to the environment during production, use, and disposal processes. For example, anti-static agents should not contain harmful substances such as heavy metals and halogens, and their production process should minimize the discharge of wastewater, exhaust gas, and waste residue. -Some environmentally friendly anti-static agents, such as bio based anti-static agents or biodegradable anti-static agents, are gradually receiving attention and application. When choosing anti-static agents, one should consider their impact on the environment and choose environmentally friendly products. |
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